Los Angeles Health Officials Urge Measles Vaccination After Tragedy

The Los Angeles County Department of Public Health has issued a crucial reminder to residents about the importance of measles vaccination following the recent death of a school-aged child from complications related to a measles infection. This tragic case involved a child who contracted measles during infancy, prior to being eligible for the measles vaccine, which is recommended between the ages of 12 and 15 months. Although the child initially recovered from the measles illness, they later developed subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), a rare and fatal complication of measles.

SSPE is a progressive brain disorder that can emerge two to ten years after an individual has measles, typically after they seem to have fully recovered. According to the Public Health Department, the condition leads to a gradual and severe decline in neurological function, ultimately resulting in death within one to three years of diagnosis. While SSPE is rare, occurring in about 1 in 10,000 measles cases, the risk is significantly heightened for those who contract measles as infants, with estimates suggesting a risk of approximately 1 in 600.

Measles is recognized as a highly contagious virus, but it can be effectively prevented through vaccination. The Public Health Department strongly recommends that individuals who are not immune receive the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, which remains the most effective means of safeguarding against measles and its serious complications. Children typically receive the first dose of the MMR vaccine at 12 to 15 months and a second dose at four to six years of age. Notably, infants aged six to 11 months should receive one dose of the MMR vaccine before international travel.

Public Health officials emphasize that vaccination is not solely about individual protection; it also plays a vital role in shielding vulnerable segments of the population, such as infants, pregnant individuals, and those with weakened immune systems. “This case is a painful reminder of how dangerous measles can be, especially for our most vulnerable community members,” said Muntu Davis, the health officer for Los Angeles County. “Infants too young to be vaccinated rely on all of us to help protect them through community immunity.”

In light of the recent tragedy, Public Health encourages residents to take several proactive steps:

– **Check immunization status:** Residents should review their immunization records to ensure all family members are adequately protected against measles, particularly those aged six months and older who may be traveling.

– **Contact healthcare providers:** Individuals who believe they may have been exposed to measles or are at higher risk should notify their healthcare provider for guidance.

– **Monitor for symptoms:** Symptoms of measles include fever (often exceeding 38.3° C), cough, runny nose, red eyes, and a distinctive rash that typically appears three to five days after the onset of initial symptoms. Those exhibiting symptoms should remain at home and contact a healthcare provider before visiting any medical facilities.

Measles is transmitted through the air when an infected person breathes, coughs, or sneezes. The virus can linger in the air and remain viable on surfaces for extended periods, even after the infected individual has left the area. An infected person can spread the disease from four days prior to the appearance of a rash to four days afterward.

The MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella, is administered in two doses and is highly effective. Two doses provide approximately 97% effectiveness against measles, while one dose offers about 93% effectiveness. Maintaining a vaccination coverage of 95% or higher within communities is essential to prevent the spread of measles.

As of September 9, 2023, the United States has reported a total of 1,454 measles cases this year, with most linked to outbreaks in Texas, New Mexico, Kansas, and Oklahoma. The majority of these cases involved individuals who were unvaccinated or had an unknown vaccination status. Notably, twelve percent of reported cases required hospitalization due to complications, and three individuals died from acute measles-related complications.

Public Health also provides resources for individuals who may lack insurance coverage for vaccinations. Clinics enrolled in the Vaccines for Children and California-Vaccines for Adults programs offer free or low-cost vaccinations for uninsured or underinsured children and adults. For further information about available clinics, residents can contact the Public Health InfoLine at 833-540-0473 or visit the official website.

As the community reflects on this recent loss, the focus on preventive measures through vaccination remains paramount in safeguarding public health against measles. For more details on measles and vaccination options, visit ph.lacounty.gov/measles.