Researchers Enhance Tracking Precision in Defense Detection Systems

In a significant advancement for defense technology, researchers from the College of Intelligence Science and Technology at the National University of Defense Technology, China, have developed a method to enhance the precision of intelligent electro-optical detection systems (EODS) when tracking small, low-flying aerial targets. This research addresses the persistent challenge of small tracking errors, which have long hindered effective detection and targeting in military applications.

The study, titled “Small Tracking Error Correction for Moving Targets of Intelligent Electro-Optical Detection Systems,” was conducted by a team including Cheng SHEN, Zhijie WEN, Wenliang ZHU, Dapeng FAN, and Mingyuan LING. Traditional methods for improving tracking accuracy often overlook the integration of image processing with servo dynamics or fail to respond swiftly to dynamic conditions. As a result, EODS systems frequently experience overshooting, oscillation, and reduced tracking precision, particularly when the goal is to maintain tracking error within 1 mrad for long-range shooting.

Innovative Solutions for Tracking Challenges

To tackle these issues, the researchers proposed a new approach that involves mechatronics drive modeling and composite velocity–image stability control. Their methodology begins with a prediction method for tracking controller delays, utilizing an Euler transformation model of a two-axis, two-gimbal cantilever beam coaxial configuration. This framework allows for a detailed analysis of the formation mechanisms behind small tracking errors, clarifying how feedback from the tracking controller interacts with the motor’s velocity–stability loop.

Furthermore, the team developed an improved segmental interpolation filtering algorithm. This algorithm merges line of sight (LOS) position correction with multivariable tracking fault diagnosis, effectively compensating for time delays caused by the non-uniform discrete sampling of the image tracker. This innovative approach aims to enhance the overall stability and accuracy of tracking systems.

Testing and Results

The efficacy of the proposed system was tested using a 2-degree-of-freedom platform. The researchers simulated tracking a low, slow, and small (LSS) moving target located 100 meters away, with a surface area of 1 m² and a linear velocity of 5 m/s. The results demonstrated a remarkable improvement in tracking performance: the distribution probability of the tracking error using the optimized method within a circle of radius 1 mrad was 66.7%, compared to only 41.6% with traditional methods. Additionally, the LOS shooting accuracy improved by 37.6% with the new approach.

This research marks a pivotal step forward in overcoming the challenges posed by small tracking errors in EODS, enhancing both the tracking precision and shooting accuracy necessary for modern military operations. The findings are detailed in the full text of the paper, accessible at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-024-0782-6.